В английском языке существуют глаголы, которые называются неправильными глаголами (irregular verbs). Их отличие от правильных глаголов состоит в том, что при образовании Past Simple (Indefinite) или Past Participle к инфинитиву глагола не добавляется окончание –ed, т.е формы английских неправильных глаголов образуются различными другими способами. Дополнительно о способе образования неправильных глаголов.
Ниже приведена таблица английских неправильных глаголов с транскрипцией и переводом, которую рекомендуется запомнить.
Таблица неправильных глаголов с транскрипцией и переводом
| Infinitive | Past Tense | Past Participle | Перевод | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| arise | [ə’raiz] | arose | [ə’rəuz] | arisen | [ə’riz(ə)n] | возникать, появляться |
| awake | [ə’weik] | awoke | [ə’wəuk] | awoken | [ə’wəukən] | будить, просыпаться |
| be | [bi:] | was,were | [wɔz], [wз:] | been | [bi:n] | быть |
| bear | [bɛə] | bore | [bɔ:] | born | [bɔ:n] | рождать, приносить |
| beat | [bi:t] | beat | [bi:t] | beaten | [‘bi:tn] | бить |
| become | [bɪ ‘kʌm] | became | [bɪ ‘keɪm] | become | [bɪ ‘kʌm] | становиться |
| begin | [bɪ ‘gɪn] | began | [bɪ ‘gæn] | begun | [bɪ ‘gʌn] | начинать(ся) |
| bend | [bend] | bent | [bent] | bent | [bent] | гнуть, сгибать |
| bind | [baɪnd] | bound | [baʊnd] | bound | [baʊnd] | связывать |
| bite | [baɪt] | bit | [bɪt] | bitten | [‘bɪtn] | кусать(ся) |
| bleed | [bli:d] | bled | [bled] | bled | [bled] | кровоточить |
| blow | [blou] | blew | [blu:] | blown | [bloun] | дуть |
| break | [breɪk] | broke | [brouk] | broken | [‘broukən] | ломать(ся) |
| breed | [bri:d] | bred | [bred] | bred | [bred] | воспитывать |
| bring | [brɪŋ] | brought | [brɔ:t] | brought | [brɔ:t] | приносить |
| build | [bɪld] | built | [bɪlt] | built | [bɪlt] | строить |
| burn | [bɜ:rn] | burnt | [bз:nt] | burnt | [bз:nt] | гореть, жечь |
| burst | [bз:st] | burst | [bз:st] | burst | [bз:st] | разразиться, взрывать(ся) |
| buy | [baɪ] | bought | [bɔ:t] | bought | [bɔ:t] | покупать |
| cast | [kɑ:st] | cast | [kɑ:st] | cast | [kɑ:st] | кинуть, лить (металл) |
| catch | [kætʃ] | caught | [kɔ:t] | caught | [kɔ:t] | ловить, схватывать |
| choose | [tʃu:z] | chose | [tʃouz] | chosen | [‘tʃouzən] | выбирать, подбирать |
| come | [kʌm] | came | [keɪm] | come | [kʌm] | приходить |
| cost | [kɒst] | cost | [kɒst] | cost | [kɒst] | стоить |
| cut | [kʌt] | cut | [kʌt] | cut | [kʌt] | резать |
| dig | [dɪg] | dug | [dʌg] | dug | [dʌg] | рыть, копать |
| do | [du:] | did | [dɪd] | done | [dʌn] | делать |
| draw | [drɔ:] | drew | [dru:] | drawn | [drɔ:n] | рисовать, тащить |
| dream | [dri:m] | dreamt | [dremt] | dreamt | [dremt] | мечтать, сниться |
| drink | [drɪŋk] | drank | [dræŋk] | drunk | [drʌŋk] | пить |
| drive | [draɪv] | drove | [drouv] | driven | [‘drɪvən] | водить |
| eat | [i:t] | ate | [eɪt, et] | eaten | [‘i:tn] | есть |
| fall | [fɔ:l] | fell | [fel] | fallen | [‘fɔ:lən] | падать |
| feed | [fi:d] | fed | [fed] | fed | [fed] | кормить |
| feel | [fi:l] | felt | [felt] | felt | [felt] | чувствовать |
| fight | [faɪt] | fought | [fɔ:t] | fought | [fɔ:t] | бороться |
| find | [faɪnd] | found | [faʊnd] | found | [faʊnd] | находить |
| fit | [fit] | fit | [fit] | fit | [fit] | подходить по размеру |
| fly | [flaɪ] | flew | [flu:] | flown | [floun] | летать |
| forget | [fər ‘get] | forgot | [fər ‘gɒt] | forgotten | [fər ‘gɒtn] | забывать |
| forgive | [fər ‘gɪv] | forgave | [fər ‘geɪv] | forgiven | [fər ‘gɪvən] | прощать |
| freeze | [fri:z] | froze | [frouz] | frozen | [‘frouzən] | замерзать |
| get | [get] | got | [gɒt] | got | [gɒt] | получать |
| give | [gɪv] | gave | [geɪv] | given | [‘gɪvən] | давать |
| go | [gou] | went | [went] | gone | [gɒn] | идти, ходить |
| grow | [grou] | grew | [gru:] | grown | [groun] | расти |
| hang | [hæŋ] | hung | [hʌŋ] | hung | [hʌŋ] | висеть, развешивать |
| have | [hæv] | had | [hæd] | had | [hæd] | иметь |
| hear | [hɪər] | heard | [hɜ:rd] | heard | [hɜ:rd] | слышать |
| hide | [haɪd] | hid | [hɪd] | hidden | [‘hɪdn] | прятать |
| hit | [hɪt] | hit | [hɪt] | hit | [hɪt] | попадать в цель |
| hold | [hould] | held | [held] | held | [held] | держать |
| hurt | [hɜ:rt] | hurt | [hɜ:rt] | hurt | [hɜ:rt] | ранить, ушибить |
| keep | [ki:p] | kept | [kept] | kept | [kept] | держать, сохранять |
| kneel | [ni:l] | knelt | [nelt] | knelt | [nelt] | становиться на колени |
| knit | [nɪt] | knit | [nɪt] | knit | [nɪt] | вязать (спицами) |
| know | [nou] | knew | [nu:] | known | [noun] | знать |
| lay | [leɪ] | laid | [leɪd] | laid | [leɪd] | класть, положить |
| lead | [li:d] | led | [led] | led | [led] | вести, возглавлять |
| lean | [li:n] | leant | [lent] | leant | [lent] | наклоняться |
| learn | [lɜ:rn] | learnt | [lɜ:rnt] | learnt | [lɜ:rnt] | учить |
| leave | [li:v] | left | [left] | left | [left] | оставлять, покидать |
| lend | [lend] | lent | [lent] | lent | [lent] | занимать, одалживать |
| let | [let] | let | [let] | let | [let] | позволять |
| lie | [laɪ] | lay | [leɪ] | lain | [leɪn] | лежать |
| light | [lait] | lit | [lit] | lit | [lit] | освещать, зажигать |
| lose | [lu:z] | lost | [lɒst] | lost | [lɒst] | терять |
| make | [meɪk] | made | [meɪd] | made | [meɪd] | делать |
| mean | [mi:n] | meant | [ment] | meant | [ment] | значить |
| meet | [mi:t] | met | [met] | met | [met] | встречать |
| mistake | [mis’teik] | mistook | [mis’tuk] | mistaken | [mis’teik(e)n] | ошибаться |
| pay | [peɪ] | paid | [peɪd] | paid | [peɪd] | платить |
| put | [pʊt] | put | [pʊt] | put | [pʊt] | класть, ставить |
| read | [ri:d] | read | [red] | read | [red] | читать |
| ride | [raɪd] | rode | [roud] | ridden | [‘rɪdn] | ехать верхом |
| ring | [rɪŋ] | rang | [ræŋ] | rung | [rʌŋ] | звонить, звенеть |
| rise | [raɪz] | rose | [rouz] | risen | [‘rɪzən] | подниматься |
| run | [rʌn] | ran | [ræn] | run | [rʌn] | бежать |
| say | [seɪ] | said | [sed] | said | [sed] | говорить |
| see | [si:] | saw | [sɔ:] | seen | [si:n] | видеть |
| seek | [si:k] | sought | [sɔ:t] | sought | [sɔ:t] | искать |
| sell | [sel] | sold | [sould] | sold | [sould] | продавать |
| send | [send] | sent | [sent] | sent | [sent] | посылать |
| set | [set] | set | [set] | set | [set] | класть, ставить |
| shake | [ʃeɪk] | shook | [ʃʊk] | shaken | [‘ʃeɪkən] | трясти |
| shine | [ʃaɪn] | shone | [ʃoun, ʃɒn] | shone | [ʃoun, ʃɒn] | светить, сиять, блестеть |
| shoot | [ʃu:t] | shot | [ʃɒt] | shot | [ʃɒt] | стрелять |
| show | [ʃou] | showed | [ʃoud] | shown | [ʃoun] | показывать |
| shrink | [ʃriŋk] | shrank | [ʃræŋk] | shrunk | [ʃrʌŋk] | садиться (о материале), уменьшать(ся), сокращать(ся) |
| shut | [ʃʌt] | shut | [ʃʌt] | shut | [ʃʌt] | закрывать |
| sing | [sɪŋ] | sang | [sæŋ] | sung | [sʌŋ] | петь |
| sink | [sɪŋk] | sank | [sæŋk] | sunk | [sʌŋk] | тонуть |
| sit | [sɪt] | sat | [sæt] | sat | [sæt] | сидеть |
| sleep | [sli:p] | slept | [slept] | slept | [slept] | спать |
| smell | [smel] | smelt | [smelt] | smelt | [smelt] | нюхать, пахнуть |
| slide | [slaid] | slid | [slid] | slid | [slid] | скользить |
| sow | [sou] | sowed | [soud] | sown | [soun] | сеять, засевать |
| smell | [smel] | smelled | [smeld] | smelled | [smeld] | нюхать, пахнуть |
| speak | [spi:k] | spoke | [spouk] | spoken | [‘spoukən] | говорить |
| spell | [spel] | spelt | [spelt] | spelt | [spelt] | произносить по буквам |
| spend | [spend] | spent | [spent] | spent | [spent] | тратить |
| spill | [spɪl] | spilt | [spɪlt] | spilt | [spɪlt] | проливать |
| spit | [spɪt] | spat | [spæt] | spat | [spæt] | плевать |
| split | [splɪt] | split | [splɪt] | split | [splɪt] | расщеплять |
| spoil | [spoɪl] | spoilt | [spoɪlt] | spoilt | [spoɪlt] | портить |
| spread | [spred] | spread | [spred] | spread | [spred] | распространять(ся) |
| stand | [stænd] | stood | [stʊd] | stood | [stʊd] | стоять |
| steal | [sti:l] | stole | [stoul] | stolen | [‘stoulən] | воровать |
| stick | [stik] | stuck | [stʌk] | stuck | [stʌk] | приклеивать(ся), застревать, упорствовать |
| sting | [stiŋ] | stung | [stʌŋ] | stung | [stʌŋ] | жалить |
| strike | [straɪk] | struck | [strʌk] | struck | [strʌk] | ударять, бастовать |
| strive | [straɪv] | strove | [strəuv] | striven | [‘strɪvn] | стараться, стремиться |
| swear | [sweə] | swore | [swɔ:] | sworn | [swɔ:n] | давать клятву |
| sweep | [swi:p] | swept | [swept] | swept | [swept] | мести, подметать |
| swim | [swɪm] | swam | [swæm] | swum | [swʌm] | плавать |
| take | [teɪk] | took | [tʊk] | taken | [‘teɪkən] | брать, взять |
| teach | [ti:tʃ] | taught | [tɔ:t] | taught | [tɔ:t] | учить |
| tear | [teər] | tore | [tɔr] | torn | [tɔrn] | рвать |
| tell | [tel] | told | [tould] | told | [tould] | рассказывать |
| think | [θɪŋk] | thought | [θɔ:t] | thought | [θɔ:t] | думать |
| throw | [θrou] | threw | [θru:] | thrown | [θroun] | бросать |
| understand | [ʌndər ‘stænd] | understood | [ʌndər ‘stʊd] | understood | [ʌndər ‘stʊd] | понимать |
| upset | [ʌp’set] | upset | [ʌp’set] | upset | [ʌp’set] | опрокидывать, расстраивать (планы), огорчать |
| wake | [weɪk] | woke | [wouk] | woken | [‘woukən] | просыпаться |
| wear | [weər] | wore | [wɔr] | worn | [wɔrn] | носить |
| weep | [wi:p] | wept | [wept] | wept | [wept] | плакать |
| wet | [wet] | wet | [wet] | wet | [wet] | мочить, увлажнять |
| win | [wɪn] | won | [wʌn] | won | [wʌn] | выигрывать, побеждать |
| wind | [waind] | wound | [waund] | wound | [waund] | извиваться, обматывать, заводить (часы) |
| write | [raɪt] | wrote | [rout] | written | [‘rɪtn] | писать |
Рекомендуем также прочесть: Как учить неправильные глаголы. How to Study Irregular Verbs в разделе Статьи.